ANALYSİS OF WASTE-ENERGY POLICY IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES; PRACTICES AND IMPLICATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

Based on an analysis of world experience, the practice of countries around the world, including Azerbaijan, and having statistical data, we can talk about the prospects for the development of this energy sector. Waste disposal is vital for humanity, primarily from an environmental point of view. There are various waste disposal methods depending on their type. The work describes in detail methods for processing waste and using it as energy and fertilizers. These methods are widely used in countries with developed economies, and in those countries that are not indifferent to the fate of the planet and humanity. In our work, we carefully analyzed global experience in the waste-to-energy sector and came to the following conclusions: The term “Waste to Energy” is used to describe various technologies that convert non-recyclable waste (plastic film, tissues and kitchen paper, foil, and soiled food packaging) into usable forms of energy including heat, fuels and electricity.WTE technologies convert non-recyclable waste into usable forms of energy. The heat from the combustion of waste generates produce electricity. The most significant challenge to WTE technology adoption is the clean technologies for sustainable waste management and awareness that waste can be used as a source of clean and reliable energy. 1. Using the method of energy analysis to determine the performance of the system. 2. Long-Term Planning: Contribute to formulating sustainable, long-term waste management plans globally, targeting a 20% improvement in overall waste management efficiency by 2035. 3. Policy Enhancement: Identify strengths and weaknesses to refine waste-to-energy strategies and improve policies, aiming for a 20% increase in waste diversion rates by 2030. 4. Environmental and Economic Insight: Provide a comprehensive understanding of environmental and economic implications for informed decision-making, with a focus on achieving a 15% improvement in cost-effectiveness of waste-to-energy projects over the next five years. 5. Ensuring the use of resources with high efficiency and in harmony with the environment.